Few medical
The first thing to understand well that the body of a child differs from the adult. In the first hours after birth the baby is practically sterile and powerless to effect any harmful factors. Getting the milk antibodies and various biologically active substances, the body adapts a child, his defense is increased, but for a long time an important role in the relationship with the world continue to play some special features unique to young children. One such feature is the incomplete development of the structure and functions of the gastrointestinal tract. Infants practically developed digestive glands of the stomach, which is why gastric juice has an almost neutral acidity and is able to properly "manage" only mother's milk. In the second year of life activity and acidity of gastric juice increased, making possible a greater variety in food and in beverages. It should be remembered that the intestinal mucosa of the child more permeable than in adults. That is why the body of the child, as they say, is open for receipt of various, and often harmful, substances. Generally, in pediatrics the concept of "harmful substance" goes beyond the conventional. The fact that in normal doses is neutral or brings some benefit to an adult, can lead to undesirable consequences for the child. And even seemingly innocuous and habitual drink can conceal many as surprising and unpleasant surprises.
Maybe some tea?
Perhaps the tea was the very first beverage on earth: his praise for thousands of years, Chinese aristocrats, Indian yoga, Japanese samurai and Tibetan monks. Tea is so popular that few people in general is a day without it. Moreover, in recent years, many publications on the benefits of black and, in particular, green tea. Such information reduces the vigilance of even the most discerning of parents: how can argue with modern science and centuries of experience? Of course not. But it is not the case with young children! All variety of teas is presented in black, red, white, yellow and green species. The color of tea does not depend on the type of tea tree, and the method of processing. Black tea is a complete cycle of tea production and subjected to enzymatic treatment. Green tea is only a small part of the recycling process, and otherwise is called non-enzymatically. Other teas are only intermediates in the processing of green tea black. The substances contained in tea, amazing in its diversity. The really harmful substances contained in tea is not too much, but, as mentioned above, in the case of children, any potential risk should be considered as real. The main component of tea is caffeine. Of course, the tea contains its paltry amount, but its influence is insignificant only for adults. Children have the same caffeine from strong brewed tea (as well as from weak brew, but consumed in large quantities) can cause the most negative symptoms. First of all, caffeine, being a powerful stimulant of the nervous system, affects the behavior of the child: the baby becomes a nervous, excitable, tearful. With a systematic flow of caffeine in the body of a child can develop various sleep disorders such as insomnia and nightmares. Continuous nerve stimulation causes waste of energy and nutrients, which often affects the growth process. Caffeine affects the child's heart, increasing heart rate, provoking a feeling the heartbeat, which can also lead to increased anxiety, discomfort in the chest, an abnormal rhythm of heart contractions. It is also known is that tea (caffeine) acts as a powerful diuretic which, if the systematic use of washes required for normal growth and development of minerals. This property of caffeine is not safe for adults: an imbalance of sodium and potassium in the body often becomes a cause of arrhythmia, and the constant leaching of calcium from the bones is a predisposing factor for osteoporosis - bone rarefaction. In recent years, paid considerable attention to the impact of caffeine on the mucous membrane of the stomach: acting on the digestive gland, caffeine increases the secretion of stomach acids - mainly hydrochloric acid, which in high concentrations can irritate the inner walls of children's stomach, leading to early severe gastritis. Frequent among children and poisoning caffeine contained in tea (coffee). The first signs of poisoning are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, tachycardia, and frequent urination. In such cases, you should consult a doctor immediately! Another active ingredient of tea, theophylline, similar to caffeine and reinforces it. During respiratory infections theophylline may increase the already high temperature. In addition, theophylline, as a strong diuretic, removes from the body anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs, making them completely ineffective in combating the common cold. Many nutritionists now argue about the benefits / dangers of tannin - tannin, which is so rich tea. On the one hand, tannins in brewed tea communicating with caffeine, become useful for the connection - theine. Thein strengthens blood vessels, improve circulation, strengthen the positive effects of vitamin C. However, on the other hand, after making tea and remain unreacted, so-called clean tannins that have a property to suppress appetite and interfere with normal digestion, so that is not desirable for a small organism. But there's tea and obvious advantages, which can not fail to mention. First, in tea, in different quantities, there are all the known vitamins. Especially well represented B vitamins, which are an indispensable part in the development and functioning of the nervous system. But this obvious double-edged sword: a high intake of vitamins B hinders the absorption of iron. Vitamin C is quite a lot of freshly brewed tea. After some time (several hours), respectively, the amount of vitamin C is reduced to negligible. Secondly, tea is rich in minerals, regulating vital functions of the organism. Potassium, calcium, magnesium - only a small portion of the total range of substances. Especially valuable are:
* Fluorine and phosphorus - the elements involved in the growth and strengthening of bones;
* Zinc, increases immunity and involved in metabolic processes;
* Manganese, normalize the nervous system.
Thirdly, in the tea represented a range of essential proteins, fats and carbohydrates, the amount of which, unfortunately, not enough to perform any significant positive functions in the body. A unique feature is the presence of green tea antioxidants, special substances that protect cells from exposure to harmful factors. At high concentrations of antioxidants are really able to improve health, improve skin and hair, to normalize the metabolism. But it is worth remembering and that the caffeine in green tea contains slightly more than black, so before you offer your child tea, consider the possible risks and think about the consequences. Black tea, slabozavarenny (1 / 2 teaspoon per 200 ml of water) and diluted with milk, can be offered to children from the age of two. In this case a day should consume no more than one small cups (50 ml), and in a week - no more than 3-4 cups. And only eight years when, as many scientists, all major organs and systems are more or less formed, we can make the tea a little stronger - 1 teaspoonful slides in 200 ml of water - and not dilute the milk. Follow need only one rule: do not give your baby to drink tea later than 3-4 hours before bedtime. Nor should "pump up" the child tea before a long way out of the house: before going to the theater or the circus, to the store to shop or travel long distances due to the diuretic effect of tea. Do not take tea for a long time, otherwise no useful stuff does not reach the body, broke down under the action of boiling water. Suffice it real tea for 2-3 minutes and then cool slightly. Some experts advise giving children tea only after 2-third re-welding. For a child the best brew leaf tea, because tea in packets can contain sweeteners, dyes and flavors, is extremely undesirable for children.
Coffee is not for kids
The second most popular beverage is coffee. Its intense aroma, rich taste and invigorating effect of forcing many people to drink every day from 1 to 6 cups. Scientists still can not come to a consensus about the benefit or harm of coffee. But one way or another, parents treat him more cautious than to tea, and rightly so. In coffee contains more than 2000 kinds of substances, from which to explore less than half. An enormous proportion of the total mass of coffee is caffeine, which has already been mentioned above. However, unlike tea, the concentration of caffeine present in coffee, can be dangerous even for adults, say nothing about children who have coffee, even the most diluted, can cause an attack of hysteria, insomnia, arrhythmias, or heartburn, and severe abdominal pain . But the greatest danger to small organism is not caffeine, but a special substance - benzopyrene. Benzopyrene - hydrocarbons, which is found in crude oil in the air beside the overburdened road and petrol stations. Its content in coffee is low, although the facts leads one to ask, not whether to exclude this drink not only from the diet of children, but limit its application to adults? Moreover, which is already proven its strongest carcinogenic potential (it is possible to cause development of tumors). The main danger benzopyrene is a proven impact on the development of leukemia or blood cancer. On the positive components of coffee can only be described the content of certain vitamins (A, D and F) and minerals (iodine, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese). Coffee is strictly contraindicated in children: the later they start to drink it in adolescence (after 13-14 years) - the better. But the modern market presents a wide selection of special diet of coffee (coffee drink), not containing caffeine. This coffee is prepared on the basis of plants (rosehips, chicory, soybean, etc.) and, in the absence of allergy to composite components, is absolutely safe for the health of your baby. Furthermore, herbs are part of a "surrogate" of coffee, have a beneficial effect: regulate the gut flora, normalize appetite and balances the nervous system (chicory), and also increase immunity (hips) and improve health. Coffee drink is recommended for children under the age of 2 years. Prepare it quite simple: pour "coffee" in a bowl with boiling water (100 ml), mix. Then turn off the stove and allow insists within 2-3 minutes. The resulting strain broth through a fine strainer into a saucepan with hot milk, add a little sugar and bring to a boil. On one portion should add one spoonful of coffee powder.
Cocoa
For many readers a taste of cocoa is one of the "flavors of childhood." And this is understandable: in almost all kindergartens and schools cocoa is widely used as a beverage. Let's see why. In contrast, tea and coffee, cocoa contains a very small amount of caffeine that when properly prepared to avoid adverse reactions. Another thing - theobromine, a substance similar in composition and action of caffeine, contained in the cocoa in higher concentrations, although not hazardous to health in general. It is because of theobromine cocoa not recommended for children under 3 years. In Cocoa also contains more than 40 aromatic compounds, which often cause allergic reactions in allergy-prone children. Of particular nutrients found in cocoa:
* Flavanol - antioxidant, helps improve the state of the capillaries and improve the efficiency of the brain;
* Nourishing glycerides (oleopalmitostearin, oleodistearin) and proteins are well digested, participating in the construction of tissues.
Cocoa is permitted from 2-3 years, not more than 50 ml per day and 4 cups a week. To prepare 100 ml of cocoa should bring 100 ml of milk to a boil. Then, in a separate bowl dissolve half of hot milk dessert spoons of cocoa and half the dessert spoons of sugar, to form a thin gruel with no lumps. Then bring to a volume of boiled milk. Starting with 6-7 years of one-time amount consumed beverage can be increased to 100-120 ml. If suddenly you notice that the child develops allergy symptoms: spots on the skin, itching, redness of the century - to cancel the cocoa and find out the possibility of its further application in the treating physician.
The first thing to understand well that the body of a child differs from the adult. In the first hours after birth the baby is practically sterile and powerless to effect any harmful factors. Getting the milk antibodies and various biologically active substances, the body adapts a child, his defense is increased, but for a long time an important role in the relationship with the world continue to play some special features unique to young children. One such feature is the incomplete development of the structure and functions of the gastrointestinal tract. Infants practically developed digestive glands of the stomach, which is why gastric juice has an almost neutral acidity and is able to properly "manage" only mother's milk. In the second year of life activity and acidity of gastric juice increased, making possible a greater variety in food and in beverages. It should be remembered that the intestinal mucosa of the child more permeable than in adults. That is why the body of the child, as they say, is open for receipt of various, and often harmful, substances. Generally, in pediatrics the concept of "harmful substance" goes beyond the conventional. The fact that in normal doses is neutral or brings some benefit to an adult, can lead to undesirable consequences for the child. And even seemingly innocuous and habitual drink can conceal many as surprising and unpleasant surprises.
Maybe some tea?
Perhaps the tea was the very first beverage on earth: his praise for thousands of years, Chinese aristocrats, Indian yoga, Japanese samurai and Tibetan monks. Tea is so popular that few people in general is a day without it. Moreover, in recent years, many publications on the benefits of black and, in particular, green tea. Such information reduces the vigilance of even the most discerning of parents: how can argue with modern science and centuries of experience? Of course not. But it is not the case with young children! All variety of teas is presented in black, red, white, yellow and green species. The color of tea does not depend on the type of tea tree, and the method of processing. Black tea is a complete cycle of tea production and subjected to enzymatic treatment. Green tea is only a small part of the recycling process, and otherwise is called non-enzymatically. Other teas are only intermediates in the processing of green tea black. The substances contained in tea, amazing in its diversity. The really harmful substances contained in tea is not too much, but, as mentioned above, in the case of children, any potential risk should be considered as real. The main component of tea is caffeine. Of course, the tea contains its paltry amount, but its influence is insignificant only for adults. Children have the same caffeine from strong brewed tea (as well as from weak brew, but consumed in large quantities) can cause the most negative symptoms. First of all, caffeine, being a powerful stimulant of the nervous system, affects the behavior of the child: the baby becomes a nervous, excitable, tearful. With a systematic flow of caffeine in the body of a child can develop various sleep disorders such as insomnia and nightmares. Continuous nerve stimulation causes waste of energy and nutrients, which often affects the growth process. Caffeine affects the child's heart, increasing heart rate, provoking a feeling the heartbeat, which can also lead to increased anxiety, discomfort in the chest, an abnormal rhythm of heart contractions. It is also known is that tea (caffeine) acts as a powerful diuretic which, if the systematic use of washes required for normal growth and development of minerals. This property of caffeine is not safe for adults: an imbalance of sodium and potassium in the body often becomes a cause of arrhythmia, and the constant leaching of calcium from the bones is a predisposing factor for osteoporosis - bone rarefaction. In recent years, paid considerable attention to the impact of caffeine on the mucous membrane of the stomach: acting on the digestive gland, caffeine increases the secretion of stomach acids - mainly hydrochloric acid, which in high concentrations can irritate the inner walls of children's stomach, leading to early severe gastritis. Frequent among children and poisoning caffeine contained in tea (coffee). The first signs of poisoning are nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, dyspnea, tachycardia, and frequent urination. In such cases, you should consult a doctor immediately! Another active ingredient of tea, theophylline, similar to caffeine and reinforces it. During respiratory infections theophylline may increase the already high temperature. In addition, theophylline, as a strong diuretic, removes from the body anti-inflammatory and antipyretic drugs, making them completely ineffective in combating the common cold. Many nutritionists now argue about the benefits / dangers of tannin - tannin, which is so rich tea. On the one hand, tannins in brewed tea communicating with caffeine, become useful for the connection - theine. Thein strengthens blood vessels, improve circulation, strengthen the positive effects of vitamin C. However, on the other hand, after making tea and remain unreacted, so-called clean tannins that have a property to suppress appetite and interfere with normal digestion, so that is not desirable for a small organism. But there's tea and obvious advantages, which can not fail to mention. First, in tea, in different quantities, there are all the known vitamins. Especially well represented B vitamins, which are an indispensable part in the development and functioning of the nervous system. But this obvious double-edged sword: a high intake of vitamins B hinders the absorption of iron. Vitamin C is quite a lot of freshly brewed tea. After some time (several hours), respectively, the amount of vitamin C is reduced to negligible. Secondly, tea is rich in minerals, regulating vital functions of the organism. Potassium, calcium, magnesium - only a small portion of the total range of substances. Especially valuable are:
* Fluorine and phosphorus - the elements involved in the growth and strengthening of bones;
* Zinc, increases immunity and involved in metabolic processes;
* Manganese, normalize the nervous system.
Thirdly, in the tea represented a range of essential proteins, fats and carbohydrates, the amount of which, unfortunately, not enough to perform any significant positive functions in the body. A unique feature is the presence of green tea antioxidants, special substances that protect cells from exposure to harmful factors. At high concentrations of antioxidants are really able to improve health, improve skin and hair, to normalize the metabolism. But it is worth remembering and that the caffeine in green tea contains slightly more than black, so before you offer your child tea, consider the possible risks and think about the consequences. Black tea, slabozavarenny (1 / 2 teaspoon per 200 ml of water) and diluted with milk, can be offered to children from the age of two. In this case a day should consume no more than one small cups (50 ml), and in a week - no more than 3-4 cups. And only eight years when, as many scientists, all major organs and systems are more or less formed, we can make the tea a little stronger - 1 teaspoonful slides in 200 ml of water - and not dilute the milk. Follow need only one rule: do not give your baby to drink tea later than 3-4 hours before bedtime. Nor should "pump up" the child tea before a long way out of the house: before going to the theater or the circus, to the store to shop or travel long distances due to the diuretic effect of tea. Do not take tea for a long time, otherwise no useful stuff does not reach the body, broke down under the action of boiling water. Suffice it real tea for 2-3 minutes and then cool slightly. Some experts advise giving children tea only after 2-third re-welding. For a child the best brew leaf tea, because tea in packets can contain sweeteners, dyes and flavors, is extremely undesirable for children.
Coffee is not for kids
The second most popular beverage is coffee. Its intense aroma, rich taste and invigorating effect of forcing many people to drink every day from 1 to 6 cups. Scientists still can not come to a consensus about the benefit or harm of coffee. But one way or another, parents treat him more cautious than to tea, and rightly so. In coffee contains more than 2000 kinds of substances, from which to explore less than half. An enormous proportion of the total mass of coffee is caffeine, which has already been mentioned above. However, unlike tea, the concentration of caffeine present in coffee, can be dangerous even for adults, say nothing about children who have coffee, even the most diluted, can cause an attack of hysteria, insomnia, arrhythmias, or heartburn, and severe abdominal pain . But the greatest danger to small organism is not caffeine, but a special substance - benzopyrene. Benzopyrene - hydrocarbons, which is found in crude oil in the air beside the overburdened road and petrol stations. Its content in coffee is low, although the facts leads one to ask, not whether to exclude this drink not only from the diet of children, but limit its application to adults? Moreover, which is already proven its strongest carcinogenic potential (it is possible to cause development of tumors). The main danger benzopyrene is a proven impact on the development of leukemia or blood cancer. On the positive components of coffee can only be described the content of certain vitamins (A, D and F) and minerals (iodine, phosphorus, magnesium, manganese). Coffee is strictly contraindicated in children: the later they start to drink it in adolescence (after 13-14 years) - the better. But the modern market presents a wide selection of special diet of coffee (coffee drink), not containing caffeine. This coffee is prepared on the basis of plants (rosehips, chicory, soybean, etc.) and, in the absence of allergy to composite components, is absolutely safe for the health of your baby. Furthermore, herbs are part of a "surrogate" of coffee, have a beneficial effect: regulate the gut flora, normalize appetite and balances the nervous system (chicory), and also increase immunity (hips) and improve health. Coffee drink is recommended for children under the age of 2 years. Prepare it quite simple: pour "coffee" in a bowl with boiling water (100 ml), mix. Then turn off the stove and allow insists within 2-3 minutes. The resulting strain broth through a fine strainer into a saucepan with hot milk, add a little sugar and bring to a boil. On one portion should add one spoonful of coffee powder.
Cocoa
For many readers a taste of cocoa is one of the "flavors of childhood." And this is understandable: in almost all kindergartens and schools cocoa is widely used as a beverage. Let's see why. In contrast, tea and coffee, cocoa contains a very small amount of caffeine that when properly prepared to avoid adverse reactions. Another thing - theobromine, a substance similar in composition and action of caffeine, contained in the cocoa in higher concentrations, although not hazardous to health in general. It is because of theobromine cocoa not recommended for children under 3 years. In Cocoa also contains more than 40 aromatic compounds, which often cause allergic reactions in allergy-prone children. Of particular nutrients found in cocoa:
* Flavanol - antioxidant, helps improve the state of the capillaries and improve the efficiency of the brain;
* Nourishing glycerides (oleopalmitostearin, oleodistearin) and proteins are well digested, participating in the construction of tissues.
Cocoa is permitted from 2-3 years, not more than 50 ml per day and 4 cups a week. To prepare 100 ml of cocoa should bring 100 ml of milk to a boil. Then, in a separate bowl dissolve half of hot milk dessert spoons of cocoa and half the dessert spoons of sugar, to form a thin gruel with no lumps. Then bring to a volume of boiled milk. Starting with 6-7 years of one-time amount consumed beverage can be increased to 100-120 ml. If suddenly you notice that the child develops allergy symptoms: spots on the skin, itching, redness of the century - to cancel the cocoa and find out the possibility of its further application in the treating physician.
